Difference between some terms

In this column, I will update it regularly with the topics which create confusion in our minds about their exact explanation .

Difference between an Endemic disease, an Epidemic, and a Pandemic:

When the population affected by a disease at a particular time in a particular geography is along expected lines, it is Endemic to the given population. e.g. Malaria, seasonal flu.

When the population affected by a disease at a particular time in unexpectedly high in a particular geography, it becomes an Epidemic. e.g. 1994 Plague epidemic in Surat.

When an epidemic crosses geographical boundaries and becomes global, it's called a Pandemic e.g. H5N1 flu pandemic.

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Difference between Constitutional Body, Non-Constitutional Body and Statutory Body

1. Constitutional body is the body that has its name mentioned in Indian constitution. It derives power directly from the constitution.
Any type of change in mechanism of this body needs constitutional amendment.
Example: UPSC, Finance commission, National commission for SC/ST etc.
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Non Constitutional Body:
It is a body which does not find its name in the constitution of India. Hence, it can not derive power from constitution of India. Statutory body can also be called as a non-constitutional body.
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Statutory Body: 
It is a non-constitutional body. This body is created by statute i.e. act of parliament.
A cabinet resolution can be passed to establish this body. It has to rely upon its statute to derive power.
Ex: National commission for OBCs, SEBI etc.

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